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"Emergence of Japanese encephalitis in Eastern Parts of Madhya Pradesh"
Ashok Kumar1, Shiv Singh Manjhi2, Jeetendra Kumar Singh2, Meena Patel2, Deepak Dwivedi2, Suyash Shriwastav1, Pradip Barde1
1 ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Nagpur Road, Garha, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
2 Department of Pediatrics Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
Correspondence Address:
Pradip Barde,
ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Nagpur Road, Garha, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh-482003
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.364761
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Background & objectives: Emerging zoonotic and vector borne diseases are posing new challenges to public health authorities. Morbidities and mortalities due acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a serious health problem in paediatric patients. We conducted serological investigations on AES cases from six districts of north eastern Madhya Pradesh (MP), India for Japanese encephalitis (JE).
Methods: The paired serum and CSF samples were collected from paediatric patients having signs and symptoms of encephalitis and admitted at tertiary care hospital, during the study period from of August 2020 to October 2021. Demographic and clinical information was collected in predesigned formats. Serum and CSF were subjected to JE IgM specific ELISA.
Results: Samples from 110 patients were collected during the study period of which 28 (25.4%) were reactive for JE IgM antibodies. JE IgM positivity was marginally higher in male children (26.6%) as compared to female children (22.8%). Out of 28 positive cases 11 (39.2%) deaths were attributed to JE. Four districts of north eastern MP showed JE activity. Maximum cases were observed in post-monsoon season.
Interpretation & conclusion: Our results show that JEV is an emerging threat in eastern central India and health authorities need to be vigilant. A systematic molecular and serological survey among humans and animals along with xenomonitoring will help in understanding intricacies of JE epidemiology in the region. |
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