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Trend Analysis in Seroprevalence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Malaria: A Seven-Year Serological study from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Maharashtra
Meghna S Palewar, Suvarna Joshi, Sushma Yanamandra, Sae Pol, Ashwini Dedwal, Ankita Anand, Ashish Sadafale, Rajesh Karyakarte
Department Of Microbiology, BJGMC Pune; 2Department of Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
Rajesh Karyakarte,
Department of Microbiology, BJGMC, Pune
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.353232
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Background & objectives: Dengue, Chikungunya and Malaria are mosquito-borne infections, which have shared endemicity and similar clinical Presentation. Simultaneous co-infection with more than one infectious agent complicates the diagnosis and further course. This study aims to determine the Seroprevalence and trend of Malaria, Dengue and Chikungunya from 2014-2020 in a tertiary care hospital of Western India.
Methods: The Present study was Retrospective Descriptive Record based. Serum samples from clinically suspected Dengue and Chikungunya were subjected to both IgM antibody capture Elisa kits produced by NIV. They were also subjected to Elisa based NS1Ag testing. In Suspected Malaria cases, blood collected in EDTA tubes was subjected for Rapid Malaria antigen testing. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel and JMP Software.
Results: Seropositivity of Malaria was comparatively higher in 2014 (5.53%) and decreasing trend was observed in subsequent years. Majority of malarial infections were caused by Plasmodium vivax (81.67%). There is drastic increase in seropositivity of Chikungunya from 2016 (23.67%) and thereafter as compared to 2014 (6.57%) and 2015 (7.29%) indicating its re-emergence. The dengue seropositivity in 2019 (40.19%) was highest in last 7 years. Males were predominantly affected, and most affected age group was 21-30 years. Peak transmission was observed in post monsoon seasons. Dengue and Chikungunya co-infection was observed to be 5.79%.
Interpretation & conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of surveillance studies to know the trend of these vector borne diseases for prompt diagnosis, management of patients in our hospital setup and for early detection and curtailment of outbreaks, epidemics by public health sectors through appropriate vector control programs. |
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